As discussed in paragraph 8.24, the concept of income in the SNA differs from that generally understood in economics. In particular, holding gains and losses are not considered to form part of income in the SNA. It is not only economic theory that treats holding gains and losses as income, but also business accounting standards. The SNA excludes holding gains and losses from production and then extends this to an exclusion from most income flows, though not interest which continues to be recorded in nominal terms. A thorough review of the concept of income in the SNA, including the implications for all property income flows would be beneficial. Some particular aspects are covered in some of the following items. |