1993 SNA Update Information - Country comments for issue:
Правительственные операции с государственными корпорациями: доходы от вложений в акции и вливания капитала | | Issue description | | Issue description in [English] | [French] | [Russian] | [Spanish] | В СНС 1993 года порядок учета снятия денег со счетов квазикорпораций отличается от порядка учета выплаты дивидендов со счетов квазикорпораций. Принято считать, что дивиденды всегда выплачиваются с текущей прибыли, чего может не быть в том случае, если речь идет о снятии денег со счетов квазикорпораций. Государственные корпорации зачастую являются квазикорпорациями, и порядок учета, принятый для квазикорпораций, дает возможность правительству изменять из года в год по политическим соображениям схему снятия денег со счетов. Следует ли внести в СНС изменения с целью ограничить эту возможность, и, если следует, какой из следующих двух вариантов рекомендуется с этой целью?
Первый вариант предусматривает обеспечить большее соответствие порядка учета операций с квазикорпорациями с порядком учета операций с корпорациями, когда речь идет о крупных и экстраординарных выплатах (таких, как дополнительные дивиденды), а также о вливаниях капитала, осуществляемых правительством, выступающим в роли владельца.
Второй вариант заключается в использовании, применительно к государственным корпорациям, подхода, аналогичного подходу, который используется в отношении предприятий прямого инвестирования, и отражении в учете перераспределенных прибылей (или убытков) государственных корпораций как сумм, накапливающихся на счетах правительства, которые затем реинвестируются в капитал данной корпорации или изымаются из этого капитала. |
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| | Country comments | | Number of country comments for selected issue: | 18 | | Date posted | Source | Comment |  | | 10/10/2006 | Sweden | Further clarification/analysis required | | 9/29/2006 | Bank of Korea | We assent to the recommendations of the AEG in general. We think, however, that it is necessary to indicate more concrete criterions to classify distributions of entrepreneurial income between government and public corporations or public quasi-corporations. Many various and detailed examples are also required to apply criterions to record the transactions.
The reinvested earnings approach should be examined sufficiently and carefully. Furthermore, detailed guidelines of this approach are required to apply in practice. | | 9/15/2006 | United Kingdom | We support the recommended option which will reduce the uncertainties inherent in the present SNA. However, we reject recommendation (d). For consistency, principles applied to one sector should apply to all. The framework loses usefulness if specific rules are made for one sector that are not applied to all. | | 9/15/2006 | Latvia | After deep discussions and expert consultations we basically support the
1993 SNA Update Issues.After deep discussions and expert consultations we basically support the
1993 SNA Update Issues. | | 8/18/2006 | USA | We generally agree with the recommendations of the AEG, but we would like to have seen a stronger endorsement for the “reinvested earnings approach,” which we regard as the conceptually correct treatment for corporations that are fully owned and controlled by government. | | 8/1/2006 | Central Bank of Chile | Se recomienda que el tratamiento dado por las cuasi - sociedades públicas a los pagos extraordinarios hechos al gobierno, retiros de capital, sea adoptado por las sociedades públicas en lo relacionado con los pagos excepcionales y de montos elevados (dividendos extraordinarios), ya que el origen de ambos proviene de fondos acumulados o de venta de activos; así como los aportes de capital del gobierno en calidad de propietario.
Estas recomendaciones propuestas tienden a mejorar la definición de la Situación Patrimonial del Gobierno y, en tal sentido, estamos de acuerdo con aplicar las recomendaciones de unificar criterios de registro para las operaciones señaladas. | | 7/31/2006 | China | The share of public corporations and quasi-corporations in the economy of China is considerable large, therefore, the consistent record of exceptional payments either from public corporations/quasi-corporations to government or vise versa has important implications. The challenges in practice is that China’s government finance statistics can not provide detailed information on current payments from public corporations/quasi-corporations to government, or exceptional from public corporations/quasi-corporations to government. Meanwhile, regarding the payments from the government to public corporations/quasi-corporations, it is also impossible to distinguish loss-cover injection from commercial injection based on the current government finance statistics in China. | | 7/28/2006 | Vietnam | We agree with a draft of Government dividends and capital transactions with public corporations and Granting and activation of guarantees in update SNA. | | 7/28/2006 | France | L’INSEE approuve les efforts faits pour clarifier et préciser, dans le SCN, le traitement des relations entre les administrations publiques et les entreprises publiques qu’elles détiennent. Les propositions faites rejoignent ce qui se fait déjà en Europe, qui possède sur ce point une solide expérience.
L’INSEE est réservé sur l’extention aux sociétés publiques du traitement actuellement adopté pour les entreprises d’investissement direct étranger. Il approuve donc le fait que cette extension éventuelle ait été écartée par l’AEG, tout au moins dans le cadre du présent processus de mise à jour du SCN93. Il est préférable d’adopter une approche plus rigoureuse pour définir les sociétés publiques mais celles-ci, comme l’indique le SCN93, doivent être traitées d’une manière analogue aux sociétés privées. | | 7/28/2006 | Australia | The Frankfurt meeting of AEG did not fully resolve this issue. A paper has been produced on the practicalities of the "reinvested earnings approach". This work has been passed onto the SNA update Project Manager and Editor. | | 7/28/2006 | Lithuania | In general we support the recommendations. | | 7/24/2006 | Germany | The conceptual recommendations adopted by the AEG are reasonable.
We support the AEG expressively, by underlining that in cases a)-c) the exceptionality of the payment must be emphasized. In addition it should be made clear that not individual pay-ments have to be checked (which is impossible at least ion a federally organized country) but that this refers to the statistical measurement at the macro-economic level.
Similarly to the AEG, we also fear that the so called re-invested earnings approach to payments between governments and public corporations causes imbalances in the system. In addition, this approach will require very detailed data, sometimes on a time series basis, to keep the system consistent. | | 7/10/2006 | Denmark | Agreement | | 12/13/2005 | Canada | Canada does not support the altering the current treatment, based on the argument that that these unusual flows “affect the level of government debt and deficit inappropriately”. We feel that it is not for national accountants to determine the appropriateness or transparency of government accounting. Rather national accountants are tasked with measuring economic and financial transactions (and positions). Canada’s view is that the re-invested earnings approach is conceptually flawed, and we would not like to see it extended to governments and public corporations. The re-investment of imputed earnings is not defined in the financial account (i.e., as a financial transactions) and it gives rise to a stock-flow problem in the overall sequence of accounts (see the final report of the Task Force on the Valuation and Measurement of Equity. The latest paper on this topic (February AEG) proposes an alternative approach to re-invested earnings (flowing the European EMGDD and IMFGFS 2001). While a better approach than re-invested earnings, it also has problems. In particular, unusual transactions would be forced into the financial account only. The Financial Account is not defined to handle income flows and gives rise to similar issues as is the case with the re-invested earnings approach. | | 11/29/2005 | Estonia | We have no strong position on this issue. Bearing in mind the conservative approach we would not change the current practice. | | 5/27/2005 | Pakistan | Agrees to the proposal to extend the treatment of reinvested earnings as in the BOP to the relations between general government and public corporations. | | 5/13/2005 | State Bank of Pakistan | The treatment of re-invested earnings as in the BOP should be extended to the relations between general government and public corporations. | | 4/11/2005 | Philippines | In the Philippines, the participation of government in public corporations is recorded as equity investments. Government also provides support in the form of subsidies to public corporations. In most cases government do not get their share of the earnings of public corporations, except in the form of dividends which can be considered as reinvested earnings but these are not explicitly recorded. How do we deal with these transactions? |
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